
Type:GoatIgG
Applications:WB
E=ELISA;FACS;FC=FlowCytometry;FPLC=FastProteinLiquidChromatography;GF=GravityFlow;HPLC=HighPerformanceLiquidChromatography;ICC=Immunocytochemistry;IF=Immunofluorescence;IHC=Immunohistochemistry;IP=Immunoprecipitation;NAC=Non-adherentCellAssays;NB=NeutralizationofBioactivity;SE=SandwichELISA;TPE=TargetedProteinExpression;WB=Westernblotting;;AC=AdherentCellAssays;FM=FluorescentMicsroscopy;;;BSC-CM5=BiacoreSensorChipCM5;BSM=BiosactiveSmallMoleculeorPeptide;CDM=CellDifferentiationMedia;;;;;;HealthandFitness;;;DNAExtraction/Purification;;InvivoLikeAssaysSpeciesReactivity:B;Ca;H;M;P;Pr;R
B=Bovine;Ca=Cat;Ch=Chicken;D=Dog;EQ=Equine;GP=GuineaPig;H=Human;M=Mouse;P=Porcine;Pr=Primate;R=Rat;Rb=Rabbit;Y=Yeast;Xe=Xenopus;Ze=Zebrafish;;;;NA-NotApplicable;STP=Step-TactinProteins;AllFormat:Wholeserum-liquid
Immunogen:Dinitrophenol(DNP)conjugate.Doesnotreactwithcarrier.

Tissuesarecontinuallyexposedtoreactiveoxygenspecies(ROS)thatareproducedintissuesfrommetabolismprocessesortheinflammatoryresponseofleukocytesormacrophages.Itisestimatedthatasmuchas1%ofconsumedoxygenmaybeconvertedtoROS,whichcancausedamagetovariouscellularcomponents.ProteinsareoneofthecellularcomponentsmostvulnerabletooxidativedamagebyROS,whichresultsinanincreaseinproteincarbonylcontent.Thisoxidativemodificationofproteinscanleadtocross-linking,peptidefragmentation,modifiedresiduesandtheconversionofoneaminogrouptoanother.Ifsufficientproteindamageaccumulates,celldeathwilloccur.
Image:WesternblotofDinitrophenol(DNP)detectioninAlzheimer’sbrainwithDNPantibodyat1:2,000dilution.
Oxidativedamagetoproteinshasbeenshowntoresultinanincreasedproteinturnoveranddecreasedenzymaticactivityandhasbeenassociatedwithanumberofdiseasestates,includingemphysema,arteriosclerosisandneurologicaldisease.Oxidizedproteinsappeartoaccumulatewithageandmayrepresent30-50%ofthetotalproteinsinagedcells.InAlzheimer’sdisease,oxidativedamagehasbeenshowntooccuratthesiteofneurodegeneration.
Measurementofthesecarbonylgroupsonproteinsisagoodindicationoftheextentofoxidativedamagetoproteins.Dinitrophenylhydrazine(DNPH)willreactwithfreecarbonylgroupsonproteins,leADIngtoadductionofthedinitrophenyl(DNP)grouptothecarbonylgroup.UsinganantibodytoDNP,itispossIBLetovisualizeandlocalizethesitesofoxidativedamagebyimmunodetectionofDNPadductionresultingfromreactionofthetissuewithDNPH.