Type:Protein
SpeciesReactivity:R
B=Bovine;Ca=Cat;Ch=Chicken;D=Dog;EQ=Equine;GP=GuineaPig;H=Human;M=Mouse;P=Porcine;Pr=Primate;R=Rat;Rb=Rabbit;Y=Yeast;Xe=Xenopus;Ze=Zebrafish;;;;NA-NotApplicable;STP=Step-TactinProteins;AllIL-1isanamethatdesignatestwopleiotropiccytokines,IL-1α(IL-1F1)andIL-1β(IL-1F2),whicharetheproductsofdistinctgenes.IL-1αandIL-1βarestructurallyrelatedpolypeptidesthatshareapproximately26%aminoacid(aa)identityinrat.Bothproteinsareproducedbyawidevarietyofcellsinresponsetoinflammatoryagents,infections,ormicrobialendotoxins.WhileIL-1αandIL-1βareregulatedindependently,theybindtothesamereceptorandexertidenticalBIOLOGicaleffects.IL-1RIbindsdirectlytoIL-1αorIL-1βandthenassociateswithIL-1Raccessoryprotein(IL-1R3/IL-1RAcP)toformahigh-affinityreceptorcomplexthatiscompetentforsignaltransduction.IL-1RIIhashighaffinityforIL-1βbutfunctionsasadecoyreceptorandnegativeregulatorofIL-1βactivity.IL-1rafunctionsasacompetitiveantagoNISTbypreventingIL-1αandIL-1βfrominteractingwithIL-1RI(1-4).TheratIL-1βCDNAencodesa268aaprecursor.A116aapropeptideiscleavedintracellularlybythecysteineproteaseIL-1β-convertingenzyme(Caspase-1/ICE)togeneratetheactivecytokine(5,6).The17kDamatureratIL-1βshares90%aasequenceidentitywithcottonratandmouseand65%-77%withcanine,equine,feline,human,porcine,andrhesusIL-1β.
References:
1.Allan,S.M.etal.,2005,Nat.Rev.Immunol.5:629.
2.Boraschi,D.andA.Tagliabue,2006,Vitam.Horm.74:229.
3.Kornman,K.S.,2006,Am.J.Clin.Nutr.83:475S.
4.Isoda,K.andF.Ohsuzu,2006,J.Atheroscler.Thromb.13:21.
5.Accession#M98820.
6.Martinon,F.andJ.Tschopp,2007,CellDeathDiffer.14:10.
